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Monthly Archives: December 2011

Could your bad credit have an effect on your employment opportunities?

22 December 2011

 Victorianne C. Maxwell of Maxwell Law Firm, PLLC notes that January is the best time to look for job, because more positions become open based on employees retiring and or moving on to new positions. Certain employers such as governmental agencies, jobs requiring security clearances, and or insurance companies run background and credit histories on job applicants. It is perfectly legal to run a credit history on applicant, upon receiving their informed consent.

HOW CAN EMPLOYERS VIEW MY NEGATIVE CREDIT HISTORY

Although employers can not discriminate based on you filing for bankruptcy, they can reject your application based on negative items on your credit file such as judgments, repossessions, foreclosures, and collection accounts. Often times an employer will indicate during the application process that your application can be rejected or employment not be offered based on negative credit history. Why do you ask would employers be so concerned with your credit history? Some employers look at a negative credit history as a sign of irresponsibility and or an inability to properly manage your finances. An employee with judgments and other financial woes may be more likely to commit fraud and or embezzle funds from the company or agency. Not saying that this is always true, but it is certainly an impression that most employers now have. For example, it is not likely that IRS will hire you have tax liens.

EMPLOYERS MAY NOT DISCRIMINATE AGAINST YOU BECAUSE YOU HAVE FILED FOR BANKRUPTCY 

To start, the Bankruptcy Code provides at 11 USC 525 that employment discrimination are prohibited by public and private employers against individuals that file for bankruptcy protection. A governmental unit may not deny, revoke, suspend, or refuse to renew a license, permit, charter, franchise, or other similar grant to, condition such a grant to, discriminate with respect to such a grant against, deny employment to, terminate the employment of, or discriminate with respect to employment against, a person that is or has been a debtor under this title or a bankrupt or a debtor under the Bankruptcy Act, or another person with whom such bankrupt or debtor has been associated, solely because such bankrupt or debtor is or has been a debtor under this title or a bankrupt or debtor under the Bankruptcy Act, has been insolvent before the commencement of the case under this title, or during the case but before the debtor is granted or denied a discharge, or has not paid a debt that is dischargeable in the case under this title or that was discharged under the Bankruptcy Act.”  So basically we know that you cannot be fired per se for filing for bankruptcy. Now they can conduct an investigation to see if you are in violation of your clearance. Please note that unpaid bills and delinquencies, tax debt can viewed as a violation of a security clearance but bankruptcy may not.

HOW DOES BANKRUPTCY CLEAN MY CREDIT UP?

is a fresh start on your credit file, depending on the chapter of bankruptcy you file, it could be within a few months or years. Once you receive your discharge, you will be able to start the clock back and start rebuilding your credit immediately. You can get a FHA mortgage two years after receiving your discharge from a chapter 7 case and immediately apply for a car loan. Speak with a Bankruptcy Attorney in your area for your options.

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in California  as well as all of Nevada Our office represents clients with:  bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, and chapter 13 bankruptcy representation. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy  representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-780-1100.  Save an additional 25% off the fees by scheduling your appointment online. Your consultation will be free if you schedule your appointment during the first week of January of 2012 online.

California Bankruptcy Attorney Chirnese L. Liverpool assists debtors in Los Angeles area. Her office can be contacted by calling 818-714-2200.

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Is the bankruptcy means test an exam?

6 December 2011

No, the Bankruptcy Means Test isnt an exam.

The bankruptcy “means test”is a way for the court to determine if someone is eligible to file bankruptcy. The point of the test is to compare your last six months of income with the median income earned by all California residents over the same half-year period of time. In this case, less is better, because if your household income is less than the median amount, you probably qualify to choose either Chapter 7 bankruptcy or Chapter 13 bankruptcy; if your income exceeds the median amount, Chapter 13 may be your only option.

The means “test” is not an exam that you have to take.  It’s just a measurement that helps us decide what kind of bankruptcy chapter you are eligible.

As part of the means test, certain deductions for expenses are allowed.  There are deductions for food, clothing, household supplies, personal items, housing and utilities, and vehicle operation expenses.  “Other necessary expenses” include taxes, mandatory payroll deductions, term life insurance, education for employment, and healthcare. As you may imagine, after all these deductions are applied, the income amount that is left is much smaller, making it more likely that the individual will have the option of filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy.

On the other hand, it’s important to remember that the whole idea behind the means test is to ensure that only debtors who truly need relief should be eligible to file Chapter 7.

The Census Bureau Median Family Income is keyed to family size.  As of today,  December 6, 2011, (numbers were updated on November 1, 2011)  for example, the California median income number for households with one income earner is $47,683.  For families of two, the number is $61,539, for families of three, $66,050, and for families of four, $74,806.

Seems strange, doesn’t it?  While it doesn’t happen for the majority of my California bankruptcy clients, it’s possible to have too little income to pay the bills, yet, at least according to the bankruptcy means test,  have “too much” income to file bankruptcy!

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in California  as well as all of Nevada Our office represents clients with:  bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, and chapter 13 bankruptcy representation. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

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How Long Must I Live In California Before I Can File Bankruptcy?

6 December 2011

How long must I be a resident of California to be able to file bankruptcy here?

As a California Bankruptcy Lawyer, I want to begin by explaining that, even though we have federal bankruptcy laws, you file for bankruptcy in California – or in Pennsylvania, or Indiana, or Tennessee, etc. – based on the state you’ve been living in for “the majority of the 180 day period” preceding the filing.  In other words, you have to have been a resident for at least 91 days.

  • Pre-bankruptcy counseling must be obtained within 180 days prior to filing personal bankruptcy in California.
  • If you have not lived in any single state for the two years prior to filing bankruptcy, the rule is that you use the exemptions for the state you lived in for the majority of the 180-day period before the last two years.

If you’re experiencing pressing financial difficulties now, it’s important for you to seek experienced professional legal help now, from a California Bankruptcy Attorney!

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in California  as well as all of Nevada. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

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Christmas and bankruptcy

5 December 2011

We know the scene all to well…..literally every year, the holiday season is the time of year where people start maxing out their credit cards. With this bad economy, most budgets are already stretched too thin and charging holiday presents could mean a sobering wakeup call for many when the post-holiday bills start to arrive in January.

HINT:  Dont think that you can just max out those credit cards and then turn around and file bankruptcy to get rid of the obligations.

Congress was one step ahead of such thinking in the bankruptcy code.

Section 523(a)(2) exempts from discharge, any debt that was obtained if an individual made material and false representations about his financial condition. Section 523(a)(2)(C) provides that:

1. consumer debts owed to a single creditor and aggregating more than $500 for luxury goods or services (luxury goods defined as goods or services reasonably not necessary for the support or maintenance of the debtor or a dependent of the debtor) incurred by an individual debtor on or within 90 days before the order for relief under this title are presumed to be non-dischargeable; and

2. cash advances aggregating more than $750 that are extensions of consumer credit under an open end credit plan obtained by an individual debtor on or within 70 days before the order for relief under this title, are presumed to be non-dischargeable;

Section 523(a)(2)(a) excepts from discharge money, property or services incurred by false pretenses, a false representation, or actual fraud (i.e. incurring debt that you knew or should have known that you would not be able to repay).

This means that those holiday charges will be presumed non-dischargeable until at least April. During that time, if you are unable to make your minimum payments on time you will likely fall victim to a rate increase. Sometimes rates will spike as high as 30% APR.

So do yourself a favor and be smart about holiday spending. Put away the credit cards and use your debit card instead or just carry cash. That way you can more easily limit your spending.

However, if you do find yourself drowning in debt, for whatever reason, make sure to talk with an experienced bankruptcy attorney to determine your options.

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in the Los Angeles area as well as all of Nevada. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

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How much does bankruptcy cost?

5 December 2011

“How much does it cost to file bankruptcy?”

When determining how much your bankruptcy will cost, there are attorneys fees and court filing fees. The Chapter 13 filing fee is $281 and the Chapter 7 fee is $306. Additionally, prior to filing bankruptcy, a debtor must complete a credit counseling course through a court approved agency, which costs anywhere from $5 to $60. These are standard costs that will be the same regardless of where you file.

The amount of attorneys fees charged for a bankruptcy case varies widely depending on your geographic location, the size of the firm, and, most importantly, the complexity of the case. Not all cases are created equal. For instance, a straightforward Chapter 7 filing is going to cost a lot less than a complex Chapter 7 case with a lot of non-exempt assets and/or other issues. When an attorney is determining how much to charge, he or she must consider how much time will be devoted to that particular case.  The Law offices of Chirnese L. Liverpool likes to keep things simple.  In California our chapter 7 bankruptcy fees are $999 ($1099 if you are self employed).  In Nevada, our chapter 7 bankruptcy fees are $999 ($1099 if you are self employed).

Chapter 13 fees are set by the court. In California, the Chapter 13 flat fee is $4000. This seems like a lot of money, but it is typically paid out over a five year period of time, which averages out to be about $50/month. Most firms choose to take an advanced fee of $2500, with the remainder paid throughout the life of the plan.  Make sure you understand the fee structure before you sign an attorney fee agreement/retainer.

It’s hard having to come up with money to file for bankruptcy when the reason you are filing is because you are broke. However, do not make the mistake of picking an attorney based solely on price or, even worse, choose to try to proceed without an attorney. Bankruptcy is quite complicated, and proceeding without an attorney (pro se) may result in a slew of complications. Plenty of attorneys offer free consultations and that is a good place to start.

The best thing to keep in mind when considering the cost of filing bankruptcy is the amount of debt you will be walking away from versus the much smaller amount you will pay to have an experienced attorney get you through the process. The question should become: how can I afford not to hire an experienced bankruptcy attorney?

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in the Los Angeles area as well as all of Nevada. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

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Only a fraction of Americans who should seek bankruptcy are actually filing

5 December 2011

The number of bankruptcies being filed each year are very high, there is still a significant concern that only a fraction of Americans who should seek bankruptcy are actually filing.

It became more expensive and restrictive for individuals to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy after US bankruptcy laws were changed in 2005.  The number of Americans who need to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, which eliminates most debt, are not seeking it partly because of the 2005 laws.

The laws were changed because of the record number of filings and because credit card companies and banks wanted to decrease the number of chronic debtors seeking bankruptcy. However, these laws are having severe economic effects, particularly when home foreclosures are still rising and when Sallie Mae projects that student loan defaults will continue to rise to nearly 40%.

Not only can bankruptcy greatly alleviate individual financial hardship, but it could also considerably contribute to the nation’s economic rebound.

If you are thinking of filing for bankruptcy and would like to schedule a free consultation then please contact The Law offices of Chirnese L. Liverpool at (818) 714-2200.

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in the Los Angeles area as well as all of Nevada. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

 

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Can my 401k loan be discharged in bankruptcy?

3 December 2011

Will the loan I took out on my 401k be discharged if I file bankruptcy?

Many potential clients have attempted to avoid filing bankruptcy or stay afloat by taking out loans against their 401k retirement plans.  The clients have a nice lump sum saved in their work retirement plan and they have already borrowed against it, usually to receive a lump sum payment, and then the client is required to make monthly repayments back on the loan – usually deducted from their paychecks.  These clients typically ask me the following “what happens to my 401k loan if I choose to file for bankruptcy.”  The answer is NOTHING.

If you file for bankruptcy in California or Nevada and you have a 401k loan the loan will not be affected in bankruptcy and the debtor will need to continue to pay the 401k loan.  The 401k loan cannot be discharged or wiped out in a bankruptcy.

If you are thinking of filing for bankruptcy and would like to schedule a free consultation then please contact The Law offices of Chirnese L. Liverpool at (818) 714-2200.

If you need assistance with unpaid medical bills, preventing foreclosure , preventing repossession, reducing financial liabilities, stopping wage garnishments, preventing collection calls, debt settlement, reducing or eliminating tax debt, and or rebuilding your credit consider consulting with us for your options. Chirnese L. Liverpool assists clients with filing for bankruptcy in the Los Angeles area as well as all of Nevada. We can be reached at (818) 714-2200.

Maxwell Law Firm PLLC represents clients in North Carolina with: bankruptcy court, filing for bankruptcy, chapter 7 bankruptcy, foreclosure defense, chapter 13 bankruptcy representation, and loan modifications. You may schedule your appointment by calling 704-461-1883.  Save an additional 25% off the fees -by scheduling your appointment online.

 

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